Papal State: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 13:45, 5 September 2023

Coat of Arms
Papal State
Ancient Arms
Papal State
ca.14th century
Papal State
Variant
Papal State
From 15th century

Papal State
Sede Vacante
Vatican City State
Since 1929

Conflicts with the Emperor and East (1048–1257) | The wandering popes (1257–1309 | Avignon Papacy (1309–1377)
Western Schism (1378–1417) | Antipopes | Renaissance Popes (1417–1534) | [[#Reformation and Counter-Reformation (1517–1585)
Reformation and Counter-Reformation (1517–1585)]] | Baroque Papacy (1585–1689) | During the Age of Revolution (1775–1848)
Roman Question (1870–1929) | Vatican City and Modern Papacy (1929–2021)

Conflicts with the Emperor and East (1048–1257)
Benedict IX
Teofilatto di Tuscolo
1047-1048
Damasus II
Poppo de Curagnoni
1048
Leo IX
Bruno von Dagsburg
1049-1054
Victor II
Gebhard von Calw
1055-1057
Stephen IX
Friedrich Gotzelo von Lothringen
1057-1058
Nicholas II
Gérard l'Allobroge
1058-1061
Alexander II
Anselmo da Baggio
1061-1073
Gregory VII
Ildebrando Aldobrandeschi di Soana
1073-1085
Victor III
Dauferio Epifani Del Zotto
1086-1087
Urban II
Odon de Lagery
1088-1099
Paschal II
Rainero Ranieri
1099-1118
Gelasius II
Giovanni dei Caetani
1118-1119
Callixtus II
Gui de Bourgogne
1119-1124
Honorius II
Lamberto Scannabecchi da Fiagnano
1124-1130
Innocent II
Gregorio Papareschi
1130-1143
Celestine II
Guido da Castello
1143-1144
Lucius II
Gherardo Caccianemici dall'Orso
1144-1145
Eugene III
Pietro dei Paganelli di Montemagno
1145-1153
Anastasius IV
Corrado della Suburra
1153-1154
Adrian IV
Nicholas Breakspear
1154-1159
Alexander III
Rolando Bandinelli
1159-1181
Lucius III
Ubaldo Allucignoli
1181-1185
Urban III
Uberto Crivelli
1185-1187
Gregory VIII
Alberto de Morra
1187
Clement III
Paolo Scolari
1187-1191
Celestine III
Giacinto Bobone Orsini
1191-1198
Innocent III
Lotario dei Conti di Segni
1198-1216
Honorius III
Cencio Savelli
1216-1227
Gregory IX
Ugolino dei Conti di Segni
1227-1241
Celestine IV
Goffredo Castiglioni
1241
Innocent IV
Sinibaldo Fieschi
1243-1254

The wandering popes (1257–1309)
Alexander IV
Rinaldo dei Conti di Jenne
1254-1261
Urban IV
Jacques Pantaléon
1261-1264
Clement IV
Gui Faucoi
1265-1268
Gregory X
Tebaldo Visconti
1271-1276
Innocent V
Pierre de Tarentaise
1276
Adrian V
Ottobuono Fieschi
1276
John XXI
Pedro Julião
1276-1277
Nicholas III
Giovanni Gaetano Orsini
1277-1280
Martin IV
Simon de Brion
1281-1285
Honorius IV
Giacomo Savelli
1285-1287
Nicholas IV
Girolamo Masci
1288-1292
Celestine V
Pietro Angelerio
1294
Boniface VIII Benedetto Caetani 1294-1303

Boniface VIII
Benedetto Caetani
1294-1303
Benedict XI
Niccolò Boccasini
1303-1304
Clement V
Bertrand de Got
1305-1314

Avignon Papacy (1309–1377)
John XXII
Jacques Duèze
1316-1334
Benedict XII
Jacques Fournier
1334-1342
Clement VI
Pierre Roger
1342-1352
Innocent VI
Étienne Aubert
1352-1362
Urban V
Guillaume Grimoard
1362-1370
Gregory XI
Pierre Roger de Beaufort
1370-1378

Western Schism (1378–1417)
Urban VI
Bartolomeo Prignano
1378-1389
Boniface IX
Pietro Tomacelli
1389-1404
Innocent VII
Cosimo Gentile Migliorati
1404-1406
Gregory XII
Angelo Correr
1406-1415

Antipopes
Alexander V
Petros Philargos
1409–1410
John XXIII
Baldassarre Cossa
1410–1415

Renaissance Popes (1417–1534)
Martin V
Oddone Colonna
1417-1431
Eugene IV
Gabriele Condulmer
1431-1447
Nicholas V
Tommaso Parentucelli
1447-1455
Callixtus III
Alfonso de Borja
1455-1458
Pius II
Enea Silvio Piccolomini
1458-1464
Paul II
Pietro Barbo
1464-1471
Sixtus IV
Francesco della Rovere
1471-1484
Innocent VIII
Giovanni Battista Cybo
1484-1492
Alexander VI
Roderic Llançol i de Borja
1492-1503
Pius III
Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini
1503
Julius II
Giuliano della Rovere
1503-1513
Leo X
Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici
1513-1521
Adrian VI
Adriaan Floriszoon Boeyens
1522-1523
Clement VII
Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici
1523-1534

Reformation and Counter-Reformation (1517–1585)
Paul III
Alessandro Farnese
1534-1549
Julius III
Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte
1550-1555
Marcellus II
Marcello Cervini degli Spannochi
1555
Paul IV
Giovanni Pietro Carafa
1555-1559
Pius IV
Giovanni Angelo Medici
1559-1566
Pius V
Antonio Ghislieri
1566-1572
Gregory XIII
Ugo Boncompagni
1572-1585

Baroque Papacy (1585–1689)
Sixtus V
Felice Peretti di Montalto
1585-1590
Urban VII
Giovanni Battista Castagna
1590
Gregory XIV
Niccolò Sfondrati
1590-1591
Innocent IX
Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti
1591
Clement VIII
Ippolito Aldobrandini
1592-1605
Leo XI
Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici
1605
Paul V
Camillo Borghese
1605-1621
Gregory XV
Alessandro Ludovisi
1621-1623
Urban VIII
Maffeo Barberini
1623-1644
Innocent X
Giovanni Battista Pamphilj
1644-1655
Alexander VII
Fabio Chigi
1655-1667
Clement IX
Giulio Rospigliosi
1667-1669
Clement X
Emilio Bonaventura Altieri
1670-1676
Innocent XI
Benedetto Odescalchi
1676-1689

During the Age of Revolution (1775–1848)
Alexander VIII
Pietro Vito Ottoboni
1689-1691
Innocent XII
Antonio Pignatelli
1691-1700
Clement XI
Giovanni Francesco Albani
1700-1721
Innocent XIII
Michelangelo dei Conti
1721-1724
Benedict XIII
Pietro Francesco Orsini
1724-1730
Clement XII
Lorenzo Corsini
1730-1740
Benedict XIV
Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini
1740-1758
Clement XIII
Carlo della Torre di Rezzonico
1758-1769
Clement XIV
Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli
1769-1774
Pius VI
Giovanni Angelo Braschi
1775-1799
Pius VII
Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti
1800-1823
Leo XII
Annibale della Genga
1823-1829
Pius VIII
Francesco Saverio Castiglioni
1829-1830
Gregory XVI
Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari
1831-1846

Roman Question (1870–1929)
Pius IX
Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti
1846-1878
Leo XIII
Gioacchino Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci
1878-1903
Pius X
Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto
1903-1914
Benedict XV
Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista Della Chiesa
1914-1922
Pius XI
Achille Ambrogio Damiano Ratti
1922-1939

Vatican City and Modern Papacy (1929–2021)
Pius XII
Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli
1939-1958
John XXIII
Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli
1958-1963
Paul VI
Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini
1963-1978
John Paul I
Albino Luciani
1978
John Paul II
Karol Józef Wojtyła
1978-2005
Benedict XVI
Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger
2005-2013
Francis
Jorge Mario Bergoglio
2013-

Religious and Military Orders
Hospital Brothers of St. Anthony
Knights Templar
Knights Hospitaller
Order of the Holy Sepulchre
Order of Saint Lazarus

Patrician Families
House of Aldobrandini
House of Altieri
House of Anguillara
House of Astalli
House of Boboni
House of Boncompagni
House of Borghese
House of Borgia
House of Borromeo
House of Cesarini
House of Chiaramonti
House of Chigi
House of Colonna
House of Conti di Segni
House of Crescenzi
House of Crivelli
House of Facchinetti
House of Farnese
House of Ferretti
House of Filippeschi
House of Gaetani

House of Gaetani
House of Ganganelli
House of Lancellotti
House of Ludovisi
House of Mancini
House of Massimo
House of Mastai
House of Mattei
House of Mazarini
House of Monaldeschi
House of Montefeltro
House of Odescalchi
House of Orsini
House of Pallavicini
House of della Rovere
House of Ruspoli
House of Sacchetti
House of Savelli
House of Scolari
House of Theodoli
House of Vico

@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
-=Popes=
+<span id="Popes"></span>
+[[#Conflicts with the Emperor and East (1048–1257)|Conflicts with the Emperor and East (1048–1257)]] | [[#The wandering popes (1257–1309)|The wandering popes (1257–1309]] | [[#Avignon Papacy (1309–1377)|Avignon Papacy (1309–1377)]]  <br>[[#Western Schism (1378–1417)|Western Schism (1378–1417)]] | [[#Antipopes|Antipopes]] | [[#Renaissance Popes (1417–1534)|Renaissance Popes (1417–1534)]] | [[#Reformation and Counter-Reformation (1517–1585)<br>Reformation and Counter-Reformation (1517–1585)]] | [[#Baroque Papacy (1585–1689)|Baroque Papacy (1585–1689)]] | [[#During the Age of Revolution (1775–1848)|During the Age of Revolution (1775–1848)]] <br>[[#Roman Question (1870–1929)|Roman Question (1870–1929)]] | [[#Vatican City and Modern Papacy (1929–2021)|Vatican City and Modern Papacy (1929–2021)]]
-==Conflicts with the Emperor and East (1048–1257)==
+<gallery caption="Conflicts with the Emperor and East (1048–1257)" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
-<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 Pope Benedict IX.svg|Benedict IX<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Teofilatto di Tuscolo<br>1047-1048</span>
 Pope Damasus II.svg|Damasus II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Poppo de Curagnoni<br>1048</span>
@@ Line 52: / Line 51: @@
-==The wandering popes (1257–1309)==
+<gallery caption="The wandering popes (1257–1309)" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
-<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 Segni.svg|Alexander IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Rinaldo dei Conti di Jenne<br>1254-1261</span>
 Pope Urban IV.svg|Urban IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Jacques Pantaléon<br>1261-1264</span>
@@ Line 73: / Line 69: @@
 </gallery>
-==Avignon Papacy (1309–1377)==
+<gallery caption="Avignon Papacy (1309–1377)" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
-<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 Pope John XXII.svg|John XXII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Jacques Duèze<br>1316-1334</span>
 Pope Benedict XII.svg|Benedict XII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Jacques Fournier<br>1334-1342</span>
@@ Line 86: / Line 80: @@
-==Western Schism (1378–1417)==
+<gallery caption="Western Schism (1378–1417)" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
-<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 Pope Urban VI.svg|Urban VI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Bartolomeo Prignano<br>1378-1389</span>
 Tomacelli.svg|Boniface IX<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pietro Tomacelli<br>1389-1404</span>
@@ Line 97: / Line 88: @@
-== Antipopes==
+<gallery caption="Antipopes" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
-<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 Antipope Alexander V.svg|Alexander V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Petros Philargos<br>1409–1410</span>
 Cossa.svg|John XXIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Baldassarre Cossa<br>1410–1415</span>
@@ Line 106: / Line 94: @@
-==Renaissance Popes (1417–1534)==
+<gallery caption="Renaissance Popes (1417–1534)" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
-<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 Colonna.svg|Martin V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Oddone Colonna<br>1417-1431</span>
 Pope Eugene IV.svg|Eugene IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Gabriele Condulmer<br>1431-1447</span>
@@ Line 128: / Line 113: @@
-==Reformation and Counter-Reformation (1517–1585)==
+<gallery caption="Reformation and Counter-Reformation (1517–1585)" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
-<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 Farnese.svg|Paul III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Alessandro Farnese<br>1534-1549</span>
 Giovanni Maria del Monte Ciocchi.svg|Julius III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte<br>1550-1555</span>
@@ Line 142: / Line 124: @@
-==Baroque Papacy (1585–1689)==
+<gallery caption="Baroque Papacy (1585–1689)" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
-<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 Pope Sixtus V.svg|Sixtus V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Felice Peretti di Montalto<br>1585-1590</span>
 Castagna.svg|Urban VII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Battista Castagna<br>1590</span>
@@ Line 162: / Line 141: @@
 </gallery>
-==During the Age of Revolution (1775–1848)==
+<gallery caption="During the Age of Revolution (1775–1848)" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
-<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 Ottoboni.svg|Alexander VIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pietro Vito Ottoboni<br>1689-1691</span>
 Pignatelli.svg|Innocent XII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Antonio Pignatelli<br>1691-1700</span>
@@ Line 181: / Line 158: @@
 Gregorius XVI.svg|Gregory XVI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari<br> 1831-1846</span>
 </gallery>
-==Roman Question (1870–1929)==
-<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
+<gallery caption="Roman Question (1870–1929)" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 Mastai-Ferretti.svg|Pius IX<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti<br> 1846-1878</span>
 Pecci.svg|Leo XIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Gioacchino Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci<br> 1878-1903</span>
@@ Line 193: / Line 168: @@
 </gallery>
-==Vatican City and Modern Papacy (1929–2021)==
-<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
+<gallery caption="Vatican City and Modern Papacy (1929–2021)" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 Pius XII.svg|Pius XII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli<br> 1939-1958</span>
 John XXIII.svg|John XXIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli<br> 1958-1963</span>