Kingdom of Romania: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 09:27, 26 April 2026

Coat of Arms
Kingdom of Romania
1881-1921
Also known as The Old Kingdom
Kingdom of Romania
1921-1947
Also known as Greater Romania

Arms Proposals
Kingdom of Romania
Proposal by Petre Vasiliu-Năsturel on 20 October 1919
Kingdom of Romania
Proposal by Dimitrie Onciul in 1920
Kingdom of Romania
Proposal by Nicolae Iorga in 1920
Kingdom of Romania
Proposal by Nicolae Docan in 1920
Kingdom of Romania
1st Proposal by Paul Gore in February 1921
Kingdom of Romania
2nd Proposal by Paul Gore in February 1921
Kingdom of Romania
Proposal by the Commission for the Study of the New Arms of the State on 12 March 1921
Kingdom of Romania
Proposal by Constantin A. Odobeanu on 20 March 1921
Kingdom of Romania
Proposal by Gustav Bedeus of Scharberg on 29 October 1921

Ruling Houses
House of Hohenzollern

Flags

Flags of the Kingdom of Romania

Provinces of Romania
Province of Wallachia
1881-1921
Province of Moldavia
1881-1921
Province of Oltenia
1881-1921
Province of Dobruja
1881-1921

Prime Ministers
Ion C. Brătianu
1881
Dumitru Brătianu
1881
Ion C. Brătianu
1881-1888
Theodor Rosetti
1888-1889
Lascăr Catargiu
1889
General Gheorghe Manu
1889-1891
Ioan Emanoil Florescu
1891
Lascăr Catargiu
1891-1895
Dimitrie A. Sturdza
1895-1896
Petre S. Aurelian
1896-1897
Dimitrie A. Sturdza
1897-1899
Prince Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino
1899-1900
Petre P. Carp
1900-1901
Dimitrie A. Sturdza
1901-1906
Prince Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino
1906-1907
Dimitrie A. Sturdza
1907-1909
Ion I. C. Brătianu
1909-1910
Petre P. Carp
1910-1912
Titu Maiorescu
1912-1913
Ion I. C. Brătianu
1914-1918
Marshal Alexandru Averescu
1918
Tinctures conjectured
Alexandru Marghiloman
1918
General Constantin Coandă
1918
Tinctures conjectured
Ion I. C. Brătianu
1918-1919
General Arthur Văitoianu
1919
Alexandru Vaida-Voevod
1919-1920
Marshal Alexandru Averescu
1920-1921
Tinctures conjectured
Take Ionescu
1921-1922
Ion I. C. Brătianu
1922-1926
Marshal Alexandru Averescu
1926-1927
Tinctures conjectured
Prince Barbu A. Știrbey
1927
Ion I. C. Brătianu
1927
Vintilă I. C. Brătianu
1927-1928
Iuliu Maniu
1928-1930
Gheorghe Mironescu
1930-1931
Nicolae Iorga
1931-1932
Alexandru Vaida-Voevod
1932
Iuliu Maniu
1932-1933
Alexandru Vaida-Voevod
1933
Ion Gheorghe Duca
1933
Constantin I. Angelescu
1933-1934
Acting prime minister
Gheorghe Tătărăscu
1934-1937
Tinctures conjectured
Octavian Goga
1937-1938
Miron Cristea, Patriarch of Romania
1938-1939
Armand Călinescu
1939
General Gheorghe Argeșanu
1939
Constantin Argetoianu
1939
Gheorghe Tătărăscu
1939-1940
Tinctures conjectured
Ion Gigurtu
1940
Marshal Ion Antonescu, Conducător of the State
1940-1944
Was not armigerous, but used a personal standard
General Constantin Sănătescu
1944
General Nicolae Rădescu
1944-1945
Petru Groza
1945-1947

Political Movements
National Renaissance Front
Ruled Romania between 1938-1940
Legion of Archangel Michael
Ruled Romania between 1940-1941

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-<gallery caption="Coat of Arms " align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
+<gallery caption="Coat of Arms" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
-Kingdom of Romania 1881.svg|Kingdom of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1881-1921</span>
+Romania 1872.svg|Kingdom of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1881-1921<br>Also known as ''The Old Kingdom''</span>
-Kingdom of Romania 1921.svg|Kingdom of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1921-1947</span>
+Romania 1921.svg|Kingdom of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1921-1947<br>Also known as ''Greater Romania''</span>
 </gallery>
+<gallery caption="Arms Proposals" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
+Romania Năsturel.svg|Kingdom of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Proposal by Petre Vasiliu-Năsturel on 20 October 1919</span>
+Romania_Onciul.svg|Kingdom of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Proposal by Dimitrie Onciul in 1920</span>
+Romania Iorga.svg|Kingdom of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Proposal by Nicolae Iorga in 1920</span>
+Romania Docan.svg|Kingdom of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Proposal by Nicolae Docan in 1920</span>
+Romania Gore.svg|Kingdom of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1st Proposal by Paul Gore in February 1921</span>
+Romania-1921.svg|Kingdom of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">2nd Proposal by Paul Gore in February 1921</span>
+Romania–1921.svg|Kingdom of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Proposal by the Commission for the Study of the New Arms of the State on 12 March 1921</span>
+Romania Great Union.svg|Kingdom of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Proposal by Constantin A. Odobeanu on 20 March 1921</span>
+Romania Bedeus of Scharberg.svg|Kingdom of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Proposal by Gustav Bedeus of Scharberg on 29 October 1921</span>
+</gallery>
 <gallery caption="Ruling Houses" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
-Hohenzollern.svg|[[House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen|House of Hohenzollern]]<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1881-1947</span>
+Hohenzollern-Romania.svg|[[House of Hohenzollern-Romania|House of Hohenzollern]]<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;"></span>
 </gallery>
+==Flags==
+<div><ul>
+<li style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom;color: #292929;font-size:15px;text-align:center;line-height: 1em;font-family:Caudex;">[[File:Kingdom of Romania.svg|thumb|link=Flags of the Kingdom of Romania|365px|[[Flags of the Kingdom of Romania]]]]
+<br><span style="font-size:88%;"></span></li>
+</ul></div>
-<gallery caption="Standards" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
+<gallery caption="Provinces of Romania" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
-King of Romania, 1881.svg|King of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1881-1921</span>
+Wallachia 1872.svg|[[Province of Wallachia]]<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1881-1921</span>
-Queen of Romania, 1881.svg|Queen of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1881-1921</span>
+Moldavia 1872.svg|[[Province of Moldavia]]<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1881-1921</span>
-Crown Prince of Romania, 1881.svg|Crown Prince of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1881-1921</span>
+Oltenia 1872.svg|[[Province of Oltenia]]<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1881-1921</span>
-King of Romania, 1922.svg|King of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1922-1947</span>
+Dobruja_1921.svg|[[Province of Dobruja]]<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1881-1921</span>
-Queen of Romania, 1922.svg|Queen of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1922-1940</span>
-Queen Mother of Romania, 1930.svg|Queen Mother of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1930-1947</span>
-Crown Prince of Romania, 1922.svg|Crown Prince of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1922-1947</span>
-Prince of Romania, 1922.svg|Prince of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1922-1947</span>
-Ruler of Romania, 1940.svg|Ruler of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1940-1944</span>
-Regent of Romania, 1927.svg|Regent of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1927-1930</span>
 </gallery>
+<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
+Wallachia 1921.svg|[[Province of Wallachia]]<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1921-1947</span>
-<gallery caption="Provinces" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
+Moldavia 1921.svg|[[Province of Moldavia]]<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1921-1947</span>
-Province of Wallachia.svg|Province of Wallachia
+Banat 1921.svg|[[Province of Banat]]<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1921-1947</span>
-Province of Moldavia.svg|Province of Moldavia
+Transylvania 1921.svg|[[Province of Transylvania]]<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1921-1947</span>
-Province of Transylvania.svg|Province of Transylvania
+Dobruja 1921.svg|[[Province of Dobruja]]<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1921-1947</span>
-Province of Banat.svg|Province of Banat
-Province of Dobruja.svg|Province of Dobruja
 </gallery>
+<gallery caption="Lands of Romania" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
-<gallery caption="Princely Houses" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
+Ținutul Olt.svg|[[Olt Land]]
-Prince Bibescu.svg|[[House of Bibescu]]
+Ținutul Bucegi.svg|[[Bucegi Land]]
-Prince Callimachi.svg|[[House of Callimachi]]
+Ținutul Marea.svg|[[Sea Land]]
-Principality of Romania, 1863.svg|[[House of Cuza]]
+Ținutul Dunărea de Jos.svg|[[Lower Danube Land]]
-Prince Karadja.svg|[[House of Karadja]]
+Ținutul Nistru.svg|[[Nistru Land]]
-Mavrocordatos.svg|[[House of Mavrocordat]]
+Ținutul Prut.svg|[[Prut Land]]
-Mohyla Ancient.svg|[[House of Mohyla|House of Movilă]]
+Ținutul Suceava.svg|[[Suceava Land]]
-Ypsilanti.svg|[[House of Ypsilanti]]
+Ținutul Mureș.svg|[[Mureș Land]]
+Ținutul Someș.svg|[[Someș Land]]
+Ținutul Timiș.svg|[[Timiș Land]]
 </gallery>
+<gallery caption="Prime Ministers" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
+Brătianu.svg|Ion C. Brătianu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1881</span>
+Brătianu.svg|Dumitru Brătianu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1881</span>
+Brătianu.svg|Ion C. Brătianu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1881-1888</span>
+Rosetti.svg|Theodor Rosetti<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1888-1889</span>
+Catargiu.svg|Lascăr Catargiu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1889</span>
+Mano Ancient.svg|General Gheorghe Manu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1889-1891</span>
+Ioan Emanoil Florescu.svg|Ioan Emanoil Florescu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1891</span>
+Catargiu.svg|Lascăr Catargiu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1891-1895</span>
+Sturdza.svg|Dimitrie A. Sturdza<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1895-1896</span>
+Unknown Arms.svg|Petre S. Aurelian<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1896-1897</span>
+Sturdza.svg|Dimitrie A. Sturdza<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1897-1899</span>
+Cantacuzino.svg|Prince Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1899-1900</span>
+Carp.svg|Petre P. Carp<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1900-1901</span>
+Sturdza.svg|Dimitrie A. Sturdza<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1901-1906</span>
+Cantacuzino.svg|Prince Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1906-1907</span>
+Sturdza.svg|Dimitrie A. Sturdza<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1907-1909</span>
+Brătianu.svg|Ion I. C. Brătianu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1909-1910</span>
+Carp.svg|Petre P. Carp<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1910-1912</span>
+Unknown Arms.svg|Titu Maiorescu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1912-1913</span>
+Brătianu.svg|Ion I. C. Brătianu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1914-1918</span>
+Averescu.svg|Marshal Alexandru Averescu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1918<br>Tinctures conjectured</span>
+Blank.svg|Alexandru Marghiloman<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1918</span>
+Coandă.svg|General Constantin Coandă<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1918<br>Tinctures conjectured</span></span>
+Brătianu.svg|Ion I. C. Brătianu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1918-1919</span>
+Unknown Arms.svg|General Arthur Văitoianu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1919</span>
+Blank.svg|Alexandru Vaida-Voevod<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1919-1920</span>
+Averescu.svg|Marshal Alexandru Averescu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1920-1921<br>Tinctures conjectured</span>
+Unknown Arms.svg|Take Ionescu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1921-1922</span>
+Brătianu.svg|Ion I. C. Brătianu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1922-1926</span>
+Averescu.svg|Marshal Alexandru Averescu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1926-1927<br>Tinctures conjectured</span>
+Prince Știrbey.svg|Prince Barbu A. Știrbey<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1927</span>
+Brătianu.svg|Ion I. C. Brătianu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1927</span>
+Brătianu.svg|Vintilă I. C. Brătianu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1927-1928</span>
+Blank.svg|Iuliu Maniu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1928-1930</span>
+Unknown Arms.svg|Gheorghe Mironescu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1930-1931</span>
+Unknown Arms.svg|Nicolae Iorga<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1931-1932</span>
+Blank.svg|Alexandru Vaida-Voevod<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1932</span>
+Blank.svg|Iuliu Maniu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1932-1933</span>
+Blank.svg|Alexandru Vaida-Voevod<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1933</span>
+Duca.svg|Ion Gheorghe Duca<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1933</span>
+Unknown Arms.svg|Constantin I. Angelescu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1933-1934<br>Acting prime minister</span>
+Tătărăscu.svg|Gheorghe Tătărăscu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1934-1937<br>Tinctures conjectured</span>
+Unknown Arms.svg|Octavian Goga<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1937-1938</span>
+Miron Cristea.svg|Miron Cristea, Patriarch of Romania<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1938-1939</span>
+Unknown Arms.svg|Armand Călinescu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1939</span>
+Unknown Arms.svg|General Gheorghe Argeșanu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1939</span>
+Argetoianu.svg|Constantin Argetoianu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1939</span>
+Tătărăscu.svg|Gheorghe Tătărăscu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1939-1940<br>Tinctures conjectured</span>
+Gigurtu.svg|Ion Gigurtu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1940</span>
+Ruler of Romania, 1940.svg|Marshal Ion Antonescu, ''Conducător'' of the State<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1940-1944<br>Was not armigerous, but used a personal standard</span>
+Sănătescu.svg|General Constantin Sănătescu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1944</span>
+Unknown Arms.svg|General Nicolae Rădescu<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1944-1945</span>
+Unknown Arms.svg|Petru Groza<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">1945-1947</span>
+</gallery >
-<gallery caption="Noble Houses" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
+<gallery caption="Chivalric Orders" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
-Argetoianu.svg|[[House of Argetoianu]]
+Blank.svg|[[Order of Charles I]]
-Argyropol.svg|[[House of Argiropoulos|House of Argyropol]]
+Order of Michael the Brave.svg|[[Order of Michael the Brave]]
-Asan-Micșunești și Polizo.svg|[[House of Asan-Micșunești and Polizo]]
-Aslan.svg|[[House of Aslan]]
-Balș.svg|[[House of Balș]]
-Bărcănescu.svg|[[House of Bărcănescu]]
-Blaremberg.svg|[[House of Blaremberg]]
-Bogdan.svg|House of Bogdan
-Bucșanu-Mănescu-Merișanu.svg|[[House of Bucșanu-Mănescu-Merișanu]]
-Budișteanu.svg|[[House of Budișteanu]]
-Cananau.svg|[[House of Cananau]]
-Carp.svg|[[House of Carp]]
-Casimir.svg|[[House of Casimir]]
-Cesianu.svg|[[House of Cesianu]]
-Cocorăscu.svg|[[House of Cocorăscu]]
-Costin.svg|[[House of Costin]]
-Cretzeanu.svg|[[House of Cretzeanu]]
-Donici.svg|[[House of Donici]]
-Boyars Filipescu.svg|[[House of Filipescu]]
-Cesianu.svg|[[House of Jianu]]
-Kogălniceanu.svg|[[House of Kogălniceanu]]
-Krupenski.svg|[[House of Krupenski]]
-Schina.svg|[[House of Schina]]
-Tiron.svg|[[House of Tiron]]
-Vîrnav.svg|[[House of Vîrnav]]
 </gallery>
+<gallery caption="Political Movements" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
-<gallery caption="Knightly Orders" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
+National Renaissance Front.svg|[[National Renaissance Front]]<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Ruled Romania between 1938-1940</span>
-Order of Michael the Brave.svg|[[Order of Michael the Brave]]
+Legion of Archangel Michael.svg|[[Legion of Archangel Michael]]<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Ruled Romania between 1940-1941</span>
-Order of Ferdinand I.svg|[[Order of Ferdinand I]]
 </gallery>