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Difference between revisions of "Papal State"

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<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 
<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 
Papal States Sede vacante.svg|Papal State<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Sede Vacante</span>
 
Papal States Sede vacante.svg|Papal State<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Sede Vacante</span>
 +
Vatican City.svg|Vatican City State<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Since 1929</span>
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
  
−
<gallery caption="Popes" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
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=Popes=
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Pope Gelasius II.svg|Pope Gelasius II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni dei Caetani<br>1118-1119</span>
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Pope Callixtus II.svg|Pope Callixtus II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Gui de Bourgogne<br>1119-1124</span>  
+
==Conflicts with the Emperor and East (1048–1257)==
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Pope Honorius II.svg|Pope Honorius II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Lamberto Scannabecchi da Fiagnano<br>1124-1130</span>
+
 
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Pope Innocent II.svg|Pope Innocent II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Gregorio Papareschi<br>1130-1143</span>
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−
Pope Celestine II.svg|Pope Celestine II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Guido da Castello<br>1143-1144</span>
+
<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
−
Pope Lucius II.svg|Pope Lucius II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Gherardo Caccianemici dall'Orso<br>1144-1145</span>
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Pope Gelasius II.svg| Gelasius II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni dei Caetani<br>1118-1119</span>
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Pope Eugene III.svg|Pope Eugene III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pietro dei Paganelli di Montemagno<br>1145-1153</span>
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Pope Callixtus II.svg| Callixtus II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Gui de Bourgogne<br>1119-1124</span>  
−
Pope Anastasius IV.svg|Pope Anastasius IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Corrado della Suburra<br>1153-1154</span>
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Pope Honorius II.svg| Honorius II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Lamberto Scannabecchi da Fiagnano<br>1124-1130</span>
−
Pope Adrian IV.svg|Pope Adrian IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Nicholas Breakspear<br>1154-1159</span>
+
Pope Innocent II.svg| Innocent II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Gregorio Papareschi<br>1130-1143</span>
−
Bandinelli.svg|Pope Alexander III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Rolando Bandinelli<br>1159-1181</span>
+
Pope Celestine II.svg| Celestine II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Guido da Castello<br>1143-1144</span>
−
Pope Lucius III.svg|Pope Lucius III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Ubaldo Allucignoli<br>1181-1185</span>
+
Pope Lucius II.svg| Lucius II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Gherardo Caccianemici dall'Orso<br>1144-1145</span>
−
Pope Urban III.svg|Pope Urban III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Uberto Crivelli<br>1185-1187</span>
+
Pope Eugene III.svg| Eugene III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pietro dei Paganelli di Montemagno<br>1145-1153</span>
−
Papa Gregorio VIII.svg|Pope Gregory VIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Alberto de Morra<br>1187</span>
+
Pope Anastasius IV.svg| Anastasius IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Corrado della Suburra<br>1153-1154</span>
−
Pope Clement III.svg|Pope Clement III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Paolo Scolari<br>1187-1191</span>
+
Pope Adrian IV.svg| Adrian IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Nicholas Breakspear<br>1154-1159</span>
−
Orsini.svg|Pope Celestine III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giacinto Bobone Orsini<br>1191-1198</span>
+
Bandinelli.svg| Alexander III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Rolando Bandinelli<br>1159-1181</span>
−
Segni.svg|Pope Innocent III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Lotario dei Conti di Segni<br>1198-1216</span>
+
Pope Lucius III.svg| Lucius III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Ubaldo Allucignoli<br>1181-1185</span>
−
Savelli.svg|Pope Honorius III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Cencio Savelli<br>1216-1227</span>
+
Pope Urban III.svg| Urban III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Uberto Crivelli<br>1185-1187</span>
−
Segni.svg|Pope Gregory IX<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Ugolino dei Conti di Segni<br>1227-1241</span>
+
Morra.svg| Gregory VIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Alberto de Morra<br>1187</span>
−
Pope Celestine IV.svg|Pope Celestine IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Goffredo Castiglioni<br>1241</span>
+
Pope Clement III.svg| Clement III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Paolo Scolari<br>1187-1191</span>
−
Fieschi.svg|Pope Innocent IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Sinibaldo Fieschi<br>1243-1254</span>
+
Orsini Ancient.svg| Celestine III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giacinto Bobone Orsini<br>1191-1198</span>
−
Segni.svg|Pope Alexander IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Rinaldo dei Conti di Jenne<br>1254-1261</span>
+
Segni.svg| Innocent III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Lotario dei Conti di Segni<br>1198-1216</span>
−
Pope Urban IV.svg|Pope Urban IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Jacques Pantaléon<br>1261-1264</span>
+
Savelli.svg| Honorius III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Cencio Savelli<br>1216-1227</span>
−
Pope Clement IV.svg|Pope Clement IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Gui Faucoi<br>1265-1268</span>
+
Segni.svg| Gregory IX<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Ugolino dei Conti di Segni<br>1227-1241</span>
−
Pope Gregory X.svg|Pope Gregory X<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Tebaldo Visconti<br>1271-1276</span>
+
Pope Celestine IV.svg| Celestine IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Goffredo Castiglioni<br>1241</span>
−
Pope Innocent V.svg|Pope Innocent V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pierre de Tarentaise<br>1276</span>
+
Fieschi.svg| Innocent IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Sinibaldo Fieschi<br>1243-1254</span>
−
Fieschi.svg|Pope Adrian V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Ottobuono Fieschi<br>1276</span>
+
−
Pope John XXI.svg|Pope John XXI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pedro Julião<br>1276-1277</span>
+
−
Orsini.svg|Pope Nicholas III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Gaetano Orsini<br>1277-1280</span>
+
−
Pope Martin IV.svg|Pope Martin IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Simon de Brion<br>1281-1285</span>
+
−
Savelli.svg|Pope Honorius IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giacomo Savelli<br>1285-1287</span>
+
−
Pope Nicholas IV.svg|Pope Nicholas IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Girolamo Masci<br>1288-1292</span>
+
−
Pope Celestine V.svg|Pope Celestine V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pietro Angelerio<br>1294</span>
+
−
Gaetani.svg|Pope Boniface VIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Benedetto Caetani<br>1294-1303</span>
+
−
Pope Benedict XI.svg|Pope Benedict XI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Niccolò Boccasini<br>1303-1304</span>
+
−
Pope Clement V.svg|Pope Clement V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Bertrand de Got<br>1305-1314</span>
+
−
Pope John XXII.svg|Pope John XXII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Jacques Duèze<br>1316-1334</span>
+
−
Pope Benedict XII.svg|Pope Benedict XII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Jacques Fournier<br>1334-1342</span>
+
−
Roger de Beaufort.svg|Pope Clement VI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pierre Roger<br>1342-1352</span>
+
−
Pope Innocent VI.svg|Pope Innocent VI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Étienne Aubert<br>1352-1362</span>
+
−
Pope Urban V.svg|Pope Urban V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Guillaume Grimoard<br>1362-1370</span>
+
−
Roger de Beaufort.svg|Pope Gregory XI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pierre Roger de Beaufort<br>1370-1378</span>
+
−
Pope Urban VI.svg|Pope Urban VI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Bartolomeo Prignano<br>1378-1389</span>
+
−
Pope Boniface IX.svg|Pope Boniface IX<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pietro Tomacelli<br>1389-1404</span>
+
−
Pope Innocent VII.svg|Pope Innocent VII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Cosimo Gentile Migliorati<br>1404-1406</span>
+
−
Pope Gregory XII.svg|Pope Gregory XII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Angelo Correr<br>1406-1415</span>
+
−
Colonna.svg|Pope Martin V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Oddone Colonna<br>1417-1431</span>
+
−
Pope Eugene IV.svg|Pope Eugene IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Gabriele Condulmer<br>1431-1447</span>
+
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
  
−
""Renaissance Popes (1447-1559)""
+
==The wandering popes (1257–1309)==
  
  
 
<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 
<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
−
Pope Nicholas V.svg|Pope Nicholas V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Tommaso Parentucelli<br>1447-1455</span>
+
Segni.svg| Alexander IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Rinaldo dei Conti di Jenne<br>1254-1261</span>
−
Borgia.svg|Pope Callixtus III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Alfonso de Borja<br>1455-1458</span>
+
Pope Urban IV.svg| Urban IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Jacques Pantaléon<br>1261-1264</span>
−
Piccolomini.svg|Pope Pius II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Enea Silvio Piccolomini<br>1458-1464</span>
+
Pope Clement IV.svg| Clement IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Gui Faucoi<br>1265-1268</span>
−
Pope Paul II.svg|Pope Paul II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pietro Barbo<br>1464-1471</span>
+
Pope Gregory X.svg| Gregory X<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Tebaldo Visconti<br>1271-1276</span>
−
Della Rovere.svg|Pope Sixtus IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Francesco della Rovere<br>1471-1484</span>
+
Pope Innocent V.svg| Innocent V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pierre de Tarentaise<br>1276</span>
−
Cybo.svg|Pope Innocent VIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Battista Cybo<br>1484-1492</span>
+
Fieschi.svg| Adrian V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Ottobuono Fieschi<br>1276</span>
−
Borgia Gandia.svg|Pope Alexander VI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Roderic Llançol i de Borja<br>1492-1503</span>
+
Pope John XXI.svg| John XXI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pedro Julião<br>1276-1277</span>
−
Piccolomini.svg|Pope Pius III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini<br>1503</span>
+
Orsini.svg| Nicholas III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Gaetano Orsini<br>1277-1280</span>
−
della Rovere.svg|Pope Julius II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giuliano della Rovere<br>1503-1513</span>
+
Pope Martin IV.svg| Martin IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Simon de Brion<br>1281-1285</span>
−
Medici.svg|Pope Leo X<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici<br>1513-1521</span>
+
Savelli.svg| Honorius IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giacomo Savelli<br>1285-1287</span>
−
Adriaan Florenszoon Boeyens.svg|Pope Adrian VI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Adriaan Floriszoon Boeyens<br>1522-1523</span>
+
Pope Nicholas IV.svg| Nicholas IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Girolamo Masci<br>1288-1292</span>
−
Medici.svg|Pope Clement VII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici<br>1523-1534</span>
+
Pope Celestine V.svg| Celestine V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pietro Angelerio<br>1294</span>
−
Farnese.svg|Pope Paul III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Alessandro Farnese<br>1534-1549</span>
+
Gaetani.svg| Boniface VIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Benedetto Caetani<br>1294-1303</span>
−
Giovanni Maria del Monte Ciocchi.svg|Pope Julius III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte<br>1550-1555</span>
+
Pope Benedict XI.svg| Benedict XI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Niccolò Boccasini<br>1303-1304</span>
−
Spannochi.svg|Pope Marcellus II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Marcello Cervini degli Spannochi<br>1555</span>
+
Pope Clement V.svg| Clement V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Bertrand de Got<br>1305-1314</span>
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
 +
==Avignon Papacy (1309–1377)==
  
−
""Counter-Reformation Popes (1559-1655)""
+
 
 +
<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 +
Pope John XXII.svg| John XXII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Jacques Duèze<br>1316-1334</span>
 +
Pope Benedict XII.svg| Benedict XII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Jacques Fournier<br>1334-1342</span>
 +
Roger de Beaufort.svg| Clement VI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pierre Roger<br>1342-1352</span>
 +
Pope Innocent VI.svg| Innocent VI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Étienne Aubert<br>1352-1362</span>
 +
Pope Urban V.svg| Urban V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Guillaume Grimoard<br>1362-1370</span>
 +
Roger de Beaufort.svg| Gregory XI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pierre Roger de Beaufort<br>1370-1378</span>
 +
</gallery>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
==Western Schism (1378–1417)==
  
  
 
<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 
<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
−
Carafa.svg|Pope Paul IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Pietro Carafa<br>1555-1559</span>
+
Pope Urban VI.svg| Urban VI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Bartolomeo Prignano<br>1378-1389</span>
−
Medici.svg|Pope Pius IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Angelo Medici<br>1559-1566</span>
+
Pope Boniface IX.svg| Boniface IX<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pietro Tomacelli<br>1389-1404</span>
−
Ghislieri.svg|Pope Pius V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Antonio Ghislieri<br>1566-1572</span>
+
Pope Innocent VII.svg| Innocent VII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Cosimo Gentile Migliorati<br>1404-1406</span>
−
Boncompagni.svg|Pope Gregory XIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Ugo Boncompagni<br>1572-1585</span>
+
Pope Gregory XII.svg| Gregory XII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Angelo Correr<br>1406-1415</span>
−
Pope Sixtus V.svg|Pope Sixtus V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Felice Peretti di Montalto<br>1585-1590</span>
+
−
Castagna.svg|Pope Urban VII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Battista Castagna<br>1590</span>
+
−
Sfondrati.svg|Pope Gregory XIV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Niccolò Sfondrati<br>1590-1591</span>
+
−
Facchinetti.svg|Pope Innocent IX<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti<br>1591</span>
+
−
Aldobrandini.svg|Pope Clement VIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Ippolito Aldobrandini<br>1592-1605</span>
+
−
Medici.svg|Pope Leo XI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici<br>1605</span>
+
−
Borghese.svg|Pope Paul V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici<br>1605-1621</span>
+
−
Ludovisi.svg|Pope Gregory XV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Alessandro Ludovisi<br>1621-1623</span>
+
−
Barberini.svg|Pope Urban VIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Maffeo Barberini<br>1623-1644</span>
+
−
Pamphili.svg|Pope Innocent X<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Battista Pamphilj<br>1644-1655</span>
+
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
  
−
"" Post-Reformation Popes (1655-1799)""
+
== Antipopes==
  
  
 
<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 
<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
−
Pope Alexander VII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Fabio Chigi<br>1655-1667</span>
+
Antipope Alexander V.svg|Antipope Alexander V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Petros Philargos<br>1409–1410</span>
−
Pope Clement IX<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giulio Rospigliosi<br>1667-1669</span>
+
Cossa.svg|Antipope John XXIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Baldassarre Cossa<br>1410–1415</span>
−
Pope Clement X<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Emilio Bonaventura Altieri<br>1670-1676</span>
+
</gallery>
−
Pope Innocent XI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Benedetto Odescalchi<br>1676-1689</span>
+
 
−
Pope Alexander VIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pietro Vito Ottoboni<br>1689-1691</span>
+
 
−
Pope Innocent XII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Antonio Pignatelli<br>1691-1700</span>
+
==Renaissance Popes (1417–1534)==
−
Pope Clement XI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Francesco Albani<br>1700-1721</span>
+
 
−
Pope Innocent XIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Michelangelo dei Conti<br>1721-1724</span>
+
 
−
Pope Benedict XIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pietro Francesco Orsini<br>1724-1730</span>
+
<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
−
Pope Clement XII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Lorenzo Corsini<br>1730-1740</span>
+
Colonna.svg| Martin V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Oddone Colonna<br>1417-1431</span>
−
Pope Benedict XIV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini<br>1740-1758</span>
+
Pope Eugene IV.svg| Eugene IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Gabriele Condulmer<br>1431-1447</span>
−
Pope Clement XIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Carlo della Torre di Rezzonico<br>1758-1769</span>
+
<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
−
Pope Clement XIV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli<br>1769-1774</span>
+
Pope Nicholas V.svg| Nicholas V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Tommaso Parentucelli<br>1447-1455</span>
−
Pope Pius VI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Count Giovanni Angelo Braschi<br>1775-1799</span>
+
Borgia.svg| Callixtus III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Alfonso de Borja<br>1455-1458</span>
−
Pope Pius VII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Count Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti<br> 1800-1823</span>
+
Piccolomini.svg| Pius II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Enea Silvio Piccolomini<br>1458-1464</span>
−
Pope Leo XII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Count Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiore Girolamo Nicola Sermattei della Genga<br> 1823-1829</span>
+
Pope Paul II.svg| Paul II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pietro Barbo<br>1464-1471</span>
−
Pope Pius VIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Francesco Saverio Castiglioni<br> 1829-1830</span>
+
Della Rovere.svg| Sixtus IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Francesco della Rovere<br>1471-1484</span>
−
Pope Gregory XVI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari<br> 1831-1846</span>
+
Cybo.svg| Innocent VIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Battista Cybo<br>1484-1492</span>
 +
Borgia Gandia.svg| Alexander VI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Roderic Llançol i de Borja<br>1492-1503</span>
 +
Piccolomini.svg| Pius III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini<br>1503</span>
 +
della Rovere.svg| Julius II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giuliano della Rovere<br>1503-1513</span>
 +
Medici.svg| Leo X<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici<br>1513-1521</span>
 +
Adriaan Florenszoon Boeyens.svg| Adrian VI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Adriaan Floriszoon Boeyens<br>1522-1523</span>
 +
Medici.svg| Clement VII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici<br>1523-1534</span>
 +
</gallery>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
==Reformation and Counter-Reformation (1517–1585)==
 +
 
 +
 
 +
<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 +
Farnese.svg| Paul III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Alessandro Farnese<br>1534-1549</span>
 +
Giovanni Maria del Monte Ciocchi.svg| Julius III<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte<br>1550-1555</span>
 +
Spannochi.svg| Marcellus II<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Marcello Cervini degli Spannochi<br>1555</span>
 +
Carafa.svg| Paul IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Pietro Carafa<br>1555-1559</span>
 +
Medici di Marignano.svg| Pius IV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Angelo Medici<br>1559-1566</span>
 +
Ghislieri.svg| Pius V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Antonio Ghislieri<br>1566-1572</span>
 +
Boncompagni.svg| Gregory XIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Ugo Boncompagni<br>1572-1585</span>
 +
</gallery>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
==Baroque Papacy (1585–1689)==
 +
 
 +
 
 +
<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 +
Pope Sixtus V.svg| Sixtus V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Felice Peretti di Montalto<br>1585-1590</span>
 +
Castagna.svg| Urban VII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Battista Castagna<br>1590</span>
 +
Sfondrati.svg| Gregory XIV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Niccolò Sfondrati<br>1590-1591</span>
 +
Facchinetti.svg| Innocent IX<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti<br>1591</span>
 +
Aldobrandini.svg| Clement VIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Ippolito Aldobrandini<br>1592-1605</span>
 +
Medici.svg| Leo XI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici<br>1605</span>
 +
Borghese.svg| Paul V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Camillo Borghese<br>1605-1621</span>
 +
Ludovisi.svg| Gregory XV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Alessandro Ludovisi<br>1621-1623</span>
 +
Barberini.svg| Urban VIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Maffeo Barberini<br>1623-1644</span>
 +
Pamphili.svg| Innocent X<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Battista Pamphilj<br>1644-1655</span>
 +
Agostino Chigi.svg| Alexander VII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Fabio Chigi<br>1655-1667</span>
 +
Rospigliosi.svg| Clement IX<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giulio Rospigliosi<br>1667-1669</span>
 +
Altieri.svg| Clement X<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Emilio Bonaventura Altieri<br>1670-1676</span>
 +
Odescalchi.svg| Innocent XI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Benedetto Odescalchi<br>1676-1689</span>
 +
</gallery>
 +
 
 +
==During the Age of Revolution (1775–1848)==
 +
 
 +
 
 +
<gallery caption="" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
 +
Ottoboni.svg| Alexander VIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pietro Vito Ottoboni<br>1689-1691</span>
 +
Pignatelli.svg| Innocent XII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Antonio Pignatelli<br>1691-1700</span>
 +
Albani.svg| Clement XI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Francesco Albani<br>1700-1721</span>
 +
dei Conti.svg| Innocent XIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Michelangelo dei Conti<br>1721-1724</span>
 +
Benedict_XIII_Pietro_Francesco_Orsini.svg| Benedict XIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Pietro Francesco Orsini<br>1724-1730</span>
 +
Corsini.svg| Clement XII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Lorenzo Corsini<br>1730-1740</span>
 +
Lambertini.svg| Benedict XIV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini<br>1740-1758</span>
 +
Carlo della Torre di Rezzonico.svg| Clement XIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Carlo della Torre di Rezzonico<br>1758-1769</span>
 +
Ganganelli.svg| Clement XIV<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli<br>1769-1774</span>
 +
Blank.svg| Pius VI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Count Giovanni Angelo Braschi<br>1775-1799</span>
 +
Blank.svg|Pope Pius VII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Count Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti<br> 1800-1823</span>
 +
Blank.svg|Pope Leo XII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Count Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiore Girolamo Nicola Sermattei della Genga<br> 1823-1829</span>
 +
Blank.svg|Pope Pius VIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Francesco Saverio Castiglioni<br> 1829-1830</span>
 +
Blank.svg|Pope Gregory XVI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari<br> 1831-1846</span>
 +
</gallery>
 +
 
 +
==Roman Question (1870–1929)==
 +
 
 +
 
 
Pope Pius IX<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Count Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti<br> 1846-1878</span>
 
Pope Pius IX<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Count Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti<br> 1846-1878</span>
 
Pope Leo XIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Gioacchino Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci<br> 1878-1903</span>
 
Pope Leo XIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Gioacchino Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci<br> 1878-1903</span>
Line 139: Line 186:
 
Pope Benedict XVI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger<br> 2005-2013</span>
 
Pope Benedict XVI<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger<br> 2005-2013</span>
 
Pope Francis<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Jorge Mario Bergoglio<br>2013</span>
 
Pope Francis<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Jorge Mario Bergoglio<br>2013</span>
−
</gallery>
 
  
  
−
<gallery caption="Antipopes" align=center style= "color: #292929;font-size:1.2em;font-weight: normal;text-align:center;font-style: normal;">
+
 
−
Antipope Alexander V.svg|Antipope Alexander V<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Petros Philargos<br>1409–1410</span>
+
−
Cossa.svg|Antipope John XXIII<br><span style="font-size:88%; line-height: 1.3em;">Baldassarre Cossa<br>1410–1415</span>
+
−
</gallery>
+
  
  
Line 160: Line 203:
 
Altieri.svg|House of Altieri
 
Altieri.svg|House of Altieri
 
Anguillara Ancient.svg|[[House of Anguillara]]
 
Anguillara Ancient.svg|[[House of Anguillara]]
 +
Boboni.svg|[[House of Boboni]]
 
Borgia.svg|[[House of Borgia]]
 
Borgia.svg|[[House of Borgia]]
 +
Borromeo Ancient.svg|[[House of Borromeo]]
 
Chigi.svg|[[House of Ardenghesca|House of Chigi]]
 
Chigi.svg|[[House of Ardenghesca|House of Chigi]]
 
Colonna.svg|[[House of Colonna]]
 
Colonna.svg|[[House of Colonna]]
 +
Crivelli.svg|House of Crivelli
 
Facchinetti.svg|House of Facchinetti
 
Facchinetti.svg|House of Facchinetti
 
Farnese.svg|[[House of Farnese]]
 
Farnese.svg|[[House of Farnese]]
 
Filippeschi.svg|House of Filippeschi  
 
Filippeschi.svg|House of Filippeschi  
 
Gaetani.svg|[[House of Gaetani]]
 
Gaetani.svg|[[House of Gaetani]]
−
Mancini.svg|House of Mancini
+
Mancini.svg|[[House of Mancini]]
 
Mattei.svg|House of Mattei
 
Mattei.svg|House of Mattei
 +
Mazarin.svg|[[House of Mazarini]]
 
Monaldeschi.svg|House of Monaldeschi
 
Monaldeschi.svg|House of Monaldeschi
 
Montefeltro.svg|[[House of Montefeltro]]
 
Montefeltro.svg|[[House of Montefeltro]]
 +
Odescalchi.svg|House of Odescalchi
 
Orsini.svg|[[House of Orsini]]
 
Orsini.svg|[[House of Orsini]]
 
Della Rovere.svg|[[House of della Rovere]]
 
Della Rovere.svg|[[House of della Rovere]]
 
Savelli.svg|House of Savelli
 
Savelli.svg|House of Savelli
 +
Scolari.svg|House of Scolari
 
Di Vico.svg|House of Vico
 
Di Vico.svg|House of Vico
  
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>

Revision as of 15:51, 6 May 2020

  • Coat of Arms

  • Papal State
    Ancient Arms

  • Papal State
    ca.14th century

  • Papal State
    Variant

  • Papal State
    From 15th century

  • Papal State
    Sede Vacante

  • Vatican City State
    Since 1929


Popes

Conflicts with the Emperor and East (1048–1257)

  • Gelasius II
    Giovanni dei Caetani
    1118-1119

  • Callixtus II
    Gui de Bourgogne
    1119-1124

  • Honorius II
    Lamberto Scannabecchi da Fiagnano
    1124-1130

  • Innocent II
    Gregorio Papareschi
    1130-1143

  • Celestine II
    Guido da Castello
    1143-1144

  • Lucius II
    Gherardo Caccianemici dall'Orso
    1144-1145

  • Eugene III
    Pietro dei Paganelli di Montemagno
    1145-1153

  • Anastasius IV
    Corrado della Suburra
    1153-1154

  • Adrian IV
    Nicholas Breakspear
    1154-1159

  • Alexander III
    Rolando Bandinelli
    1159-1181

  • Lucius III
    Ubaldo Allucignoli
    1181-1185

  • Urban III
    Uberto Crivelli
    1185-1187

  • Gregory VIII
    Alberto de Morra
    1187

  • Clement III
    Paolo Scolari
    1187-1191

  • Celestine III
    Giacinto Bobone Orsini
    1191-1198

  • Innocent III
    Lotario dei Conti di Segni
    1198-1216

  • Honorius III
    Cencio Savelli
    1216-1227

  • Gregory IX
    Ugolino dei Conti di Segni
    1227-1241

  • Pope Celestine IV.svg

    Celestine IV
    Goffredo Castiglioni
    1241

  • Innocent IV
    Sinibaldo Fieschi
    1243-1254


The wandering popes (1257–1309)

  • Alexander IV
    Rinaldo dei Conti di Jenne
    1254-1261

  • Urban IV
    Jacques Pantaléon
    1261-1264

  • Clement IV
    Gui Faucoi
    1265-1268

  • Gregory X
    Tebaldo Visconti
    1271-1276

  • Innocent V
    Pierre de Tarentaise
    1276

  • Adrian V
    Ottobuono Fieschi
    1276

  • John XXI
    Pedro Julião
    1276-1277

  • Nicholas III
    Giovanni Gaetano Orsini
    1277-1280

  • Martin IV
    Simon de Brion
    1281-1285

  • Honorius IV
    Giacomo Savelli
    1285-1287

  • Nicholas IV
    Girolamo Masci
    1288-1292

  • Celestine V
    Pietro Angelerio
    1294

  • Boniface VIII
    Benedetto Caetani
    1294-1303

  • Benedict XI
    Niccolò Boccasini
    1303-1304

  • Clement V
    Bertrand de Got
    1305-1314

Avignon Papacy (1309–1377)

  • John XXII
    Jacques Duèze
    1316-1334

  • Benedict XII
    Jacques Fournier
    1334-1342

  • Clement VI
    Pierre Roger
    1342-1352

  • Innocent VI
    Étienne Aubert
    1352-1362

  • Urban V
    Guillaume Grimoard
    1362-1370

  • Gregory XI
    Pierre Roger de Beaufort
    1370-1378


Western Schism (1378–1417)

  • Urban VI
    Bartolomeo Prignano
    1378-1389

  • Pope Boniface IX.svg

    Boniface IX
    Pietro Tomacelli
    1389-1404

  • Innocent VII
    Cosimo Gentile Migliorati
    1404-1406

  • Gregory XII
    Angelo Correr
    1406-1415


Antipopes

  • Antipope Alexander V
    Petros Philargos
    1409–1410

  • Antipope John XXIII
    Baldassarre Cossa
    1410–1415


Renaissance Popes (1417–1534)

  • Martin V
    Oddone Colonna
    1417-1431

  • Eugene IV
    Gabriele Condulmer
    1431-1447

  • Nicholas V
    Tommaso Parentucelli
    1447-1455

  • Callixtus III
    Alfonso de Borja
    1455-1458

  • Pius II
    Enea Silvio Piccolomini
    1458-1464

  • Paul II
    Pietro Barbo
    1464-1471

  • Sixtus IV
    Francesco della Rovere
    1471-1484

  • Innocent VIII
    Giovanni Battista Cybo
    1484-1492

  • Alexander VI
    Roderic Llançol i de Borja
    1492-1503

  • Pius III
    Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini
    1503

  • Julius II
    Giuliano della Rovere
    1503-1513

  • Leo X
    Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici
    1513-1521

  • Adrian VI
    Adriaan Floriszoon Boeyens
    1522-1523

  • Clement VII
    Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici
    1523-1534


Reformation and Counter-Reformation (1517–1585)

  • Paul III
    Alessandro Farnese
    1534-1549

  • Julius III
    Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte
    1550-1555

  • Spannochi.svg

    Marcellus II
    Marcello Cervini degli Spannochi
    1555

  • Paul IV
    Giovanni Pietro Carafa
    1555-1559

  • Pius IV
    Giovanni Angelo Medici
    1559-1566

  • Pius V
    Antonio Ghislieri
    1566-1572

  • Gregory XIII
    Ugo Boncompagni
    1572-1585


Baroque Papacy (1585–1689)

  • Sixtus V
    Felice Peretti di Montalto
    1585-1590

  • Urban VII
    Giovanni Battista Castagna
    1590

  • Gregory XIV
    Niccolò Sfondrati
    1590-1591

  • Innocent IX
    Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti
    1591

  • Clement VIII
    Ippolito Aldobrandini
    1592-1605

  • Leo XI
    Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici
    1605

  • Paul V
    Camillo Borghese
    1605-1621

  • Gregory XV
    Alessandro Ludovisi
    1621-1623

  • Urban VIII
    Maffeo Barberini
    1623-1644

  • Innocent X
    Giovanni Battista Pamphilj
    1644-1655

  • Alexander VII
    Fabio Chigi
    1655-1667

  • Clement IX
    Giulio Rospigliosi
    1667-1669

  • Clement X
    Emilio Bonaventura Altieri
    1670-1676

  • Innocent XI
    Benedetto Odescalchi
    1676-1689

During the Age of Revolution (1775–1848)

  • Alexander VIII
    Pietro Vito Ottoboni
    1689-1691

  • Innocent XII
    Antonio Pignatelli
    1691-1700

  • Clement XI
    Giovanni Francesco Albani
    1700-1721

  • Innocent XIII
    Michelangelo dei Conti
    1721-1724

  • Benedict XIII
    Pietro Francesco Orsini
    1724-1730

  • Clement XII
    Lorenzo Corsini
    1730-1740

  • Benedict XIV
    Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini
    1740-1758

  • Clement XIII
    Carlo della Torre di Rezzonico
    1758-1769

  • Clement XIV
    Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli
    1769-1774

  • Pius VI
    Count Giovanni Angelo Braschi
    1775-1799

  • Pope Pius VII
    Count Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti
    1800-1823

  • Pope Leo XII
    Count Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiore Girolamo Nicola Sermattei della Genga
    1823-1829

  • Pope Pius VIII
    Francesco Saverio Castiglioni
    1829-1830

  • Pope Gregory XVI
    Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari
    1831-1846

Roman Question (1870–1929)

Pope Pius IX
Count Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti
1846-1878 Pope Leo XIII
Gioacchino Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci
1878-1903 Pope Pius X
Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto
1903-1914 Pope Benedict XV
Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista Della Chiesa
1914-1922 Pope Pius XI
Achille Ambrogio Damiano Ratti
1922-1939 Pope Pius XII
Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli
1939-1958 Pope John XXIII
Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli
1958-1963 Pope Paul VI
Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini
1963-1978 Pope John Paul I
Albino Luciani
1978 Pope John Paul II
Karol Józef Wojtyła
1978-2005 Pope Benedict XVI
Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger
2005-2013 Pope Francis
Jorge Mario Bergoglio
2013




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